Contracts Created Electronic Means Remained

Question: Examine about the Report for Contracts Created by Electronic Means. Answer: Presentation: The specific second when the agreement hosts been made between the gatherings when the agreement is made through electronic has stayed a significant issue. The requirement for choosing the specific snapshot of the arrangement of an agreement will consistently stay significant. The exhibition of the agreement might be referenced to the second when the agreement was framed, and similarly, the spot of the development of the agreement is significant when the appropriate purview must be chosen in the event of a contest between the gatherings. Anyway the ongoing enactment, Electronic Transactions Act, 1999 has not authoritatively answers these issues. To be sure, the lawful mediation around there, both at the neighborhood just as on the worldwide level has been intentionally wary with respect to the subject. Mostly this has been because of the explanation that it ought not meddle with the national law that applies to the agreement development (Stellard Pty Ltd Anor v North Queensland Fuel Pty Ltd., 2015). Be that as it may, as opposed to this pattern over the globe, the United States has, at any rate somewhat, enacted on this inquiry as Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act. Anyway separated from this enactment, the inquiry with respect to the development of an agreement made by the gatherings through electronic methods remains totally in the domain of custom-based law and there is a chance of the utilization of the obsolete postal acknowledgment rule to such specialized strategy. Anyway so as to manage the issue of agreements made through electronic methods, these agreements must be considered with regards to the essential rules that are connected with the development of agreement (Burns and Hutchinson, 2009). Law and authoritative acknowledgment: as indicated by the conventional standard, an agreement isn't made between the gatherings and the offer isn't acknowledged except if the other party has imparted the acknowledgment of the offer. Along these lines, the significant second related with the arrangement of an agreement is that of acknowledgment. This is the second when it very well may be said that an agreement hosts been shaped between the gatherings. Because of the necessary pretended by acknowledgment in the development of an agreement, by and large is required by the law that the gathering ought to really convey the acknowledgment to the gathering making the offer. Taking into account the necessity of genuine correspondence, there can be no uncertainty that both the gatherings to the agreement are in understanding with respect to its terms and simultaneously, the gatherings are additionally mindful of the way that their commitments under the agreement have initiated (Schiano, 2004 ). In any case, certain special cases and adjustments are available to the standard of real correspondence of acknowledgment which affect when and where the agreement is made between the gatherings. Taking into account the effect of this standard itself, just as its various alterations, there are sure genuine ramifications for the gatherings that are attempting to make an agreement utilizing electronic methods (Carter and Harland, 1993). Time and spot in the development of an agreement: As referenced over, the law thinks about that the agreement is framed between the gatherings right when the acknowledgment of the offer happens. In the current research paper, the emphasis is on to ensuing impacts, the time and the spot of acknowledgment or as such, the time and spot of the agreement arrangement. This is otherwise called when and where questions. Time: The specific time of the arrangement of an agreement can be essential as a rule. For example, in the event that it hosts been concurred between the gatherings that a thing will be bought at showcase value that will be resolved based on the development of the agreement, it gets important to pinpoint precisely when the agreement is framed between the gatherings. Similarly, the planning of the development of the agreement can likewise be pertinent to determine whether, for instance a specific obligation is material to buy or an administration refund can be guaranteed by the buyer (Cornwilaw, 2006). In the event of the arrangements and the development of an agreement utilizing electronic conceptualizing isn't hard to envision the worldwide situations where it gets essential to precisely discover the specific second when the agreement has been framed. Along these lines running from exchanging fates to a basic buy that has been made to the Internet, discovering the specific snapshot of acknowledgment and thusly, the specific snapshot of the arrangement of the agreement may straightforwardly impact the cost paid by the gatherings or all the more by and large, the rights and commitments of the gatherings emerging under the agreement (Starke, Seddon and Ellinghaus, 1992). So as to plainly exhibit this point, a model can be given of a basic acquisition of offers made through email. In such a case, typically the cost paid for the offers is resolved when the agreement is framed between the gatherings (Entores Ltd v Miles Far East Corporation, 1955). Along these lines by applying the essential standards of agreement law, this will mean the second when the acknowledgment has been given. In such a case, an email will be sent by the buyer in which an offer will be made by the offers and an email will be sent by the dealer in which the acknowledgment of the offer will be conveyed. Anyway what will occur if between the hour of sending the acknowledgment email and the real receipt of the acknowledgment by the offeror, there is an emotional increment in the cost of the offers being referred to. The effect on the value that must be paid for these offers will be impressive, contingent upon the way that the agreement can be considered to have been framed when the a cknowledgment was sent or when the email containing the acknowledgment was the gotten. In this way it again uncovers the hugeness of finding out the specific second at which the agreement hosts been framed between the gatherings (Forder and Svantesson, 2008). Spot: The moment of acknowledgment is applicable not just for the hour of the development of the agreement yet in addition for the spot of the arrangement of the agreement. If there should be an occurrence of straightforward agreements, the second acknowledgment happens, is considered as the snapshot of the development of the agreement, with respect to when the agreement was made as well as in regards to where the agreement was made. Along these lines, where the acknowledgment has occurred additionally viewed as where the agreement was framed between the gatherings. This circumstance has ward results if there should be an occurrence of any ensuing prosecution between the gatherings. The law gives that so as to have purview in an activity in contract by a court, it is necessitated that the agreement ought to be either made inside the locale; administered by the law of the gathering or it ought to have been broken inside the ward of the court. In setting of the current research paper, it is the first of these capabilities that is the most significant. So as to set up that a specific court has ward if there should be an occurrence of an activity dependent on an agreement that was shaped to email, it must be set up that the acknowledgment of the offer includes occurred inside the purview of such a court (Gatt, 1998). By and by this shows the hugeness of recognizing the specific snapshot of the acknowledgment of the offer. If there should be an occurrence of the agreements that are made utilizing email, it isn't certain whether the acknowledgment has occurred when the acknowledgment was sent by the offeree or it is considered to have occurred when the equivalent is gotten by the offeror. Anyway the jurisdictional results in both the cases are exceptionally noteworthy. A model in such manner can be given of an offer of products were the agreement hosts been shaped between the gatherings utilizing email. In the event that it very well may be considered in such a case, that offer has been made coincidentally, and the acknowledgment has been made by the dealer, the sending of acknowledgment by the vender will be the basic exchange. On the off chance that it is viewed as that the acknowledgment happens in the acknowledgment rather, in such a case the purchaser's gathering will be applicable purview yet the contrary will be valid on the off chance that it is presumed that the agreement is framed right now of the genuine receipt of the acknowledgment (Graw, 2005). The postal acknowledgment rule: This standard gives a special case to the general principle as indicated by which, the acknowledgment must be conveyed to the offeror with the end goal of agreement development. Anyway the standard has been grown about 2 centuries back to manage the apparent issues when the agreements were framed by the gatherings utilizing post. In this way as indicated by the postal acknowledgment decide it is viewed as that the agreement is finished and restricting when the acknowledgment is posted rather than when it is really gotten by the other party. Anyway it is as yet not satisfactory if the postal acknowledgment rule will be appropriate in the event of the agreements made through messages. It tends to be asserted that in any event adroitly, snail mail and email are the equivalent. In both these cases, the sender 'posts' the correspondence through outsider and shows up in the letter drop of the collector and the message isn't really perused until such correspondence has been opened by the be neficiary. On the off chance that the postal principle is applied to email dealings, the outcome will be that an agreement will be shaped between the gatherings when the acceptor/offeree presses the send button rather than the second when the acknowledgment has been gotten by the offeror. Thusly in such a case, the time and spot of the agreement will be when and where the acknowledgment has been sent. In any case, the contentions that are made on the side of the postal acknowledgment rule are not material to email. Most altogether, there is no ongoing deferral in posting and the receipt of the email. These methods of correspondence are suitable reexamined as prompt and in this manner, the principles related with virtua

Climate Chenge in Bangladesh

Research paper on â€Å"Climate Change and Bangladesh† Submitted by 1. Quazi Nizam Uddin, ID-5176 2. Kazi Md. Golam Quddus, ID-5168 MBA(F) fourth Batch , Fall semister-2010 Submitted for Mohammad Jahangir Alam Asst Professor , Jahangir Nagar University and South East University Managerial Economics (ECO-5123) South East University Executive SummaryBangladesh is oftentimes refered to as one of the most defenseless nations to environmental change on account of its disadvantageous geographic area, level and low-lying geography, high populace thickness, significant levels of neediness, dependence of numerous jobs on atmosphere touchy segments especially horticulture and fisheries and wasteful institutional aspects.Many of the foreseen unfriendly effects of environmental change, for example, ocean level ascent, higher temperatures, improved rainstorm precipitation, and an expansion in violent wind power, will irritate the current burdens that as of now hinder advancement in Banglad esh, especially by lessening water and food security and harming fundamental framework. These effects could be amazingly unfavorable to the economy, the earth, national turn of events, and the individuals of Bangladesh.Bangladesh has built up some limit with regards to managing the effects of environmental change at the national level, and strategy reaction alternatives have been assembled that manage powerlessness decrease to natural changeability by and large, and all the more as of late, to environmental change specifically. Likewise, Bangladesh has for quite a while been perceived as an especially helpless nation by the global network, and has gotten fiasco the board and adjustment support in a few sectors.Some purposes behind atmosphere changes are increment in CO2 levels, green house impact, industrialization, urbanization, consuming fossils powers, deforestation, populace development and so forth. A considerable lot of the anticipated effects of environmental change will stre ngthen the benchmark ecological, financial and segment focuses on effectively looked by Bangladesh. Environmental change is probably going to bring about I. Expanded flooding, both as far as degree and recurrence, related with ocean level ascent, more noteworthy rainstorm precipitation and expanded icy dissolve (ii).Increased weakness to violent wind and tempest floods (iii. ) Increased dampness worry during dry periods prompting expanded dry season (iv. ) Increased saltiness interruption (v. )More prominent temperature boundaries All sorts of environmental change effects ought to be represented in both structure rules and area. Chosen advancement programs on the need and potential outcomes to incorporate environmental change contemplations in their methodology and the conceivable commitment they could need to expectant adaptations.Sometime physical intercessions are by and large in-viable and exorbitant, while requiring upkeep courses of action and coordination of independent activ ities. Additional promising expectant adjustments are changes in standards of conduct, human practices and global activities. Notwithstanding, these sort of adjustments meet genuine institutional requirements and thusly ought to be deliberately arranged and, if conceivable, incorporated in existing structures and techniques. The principle instruments to step by step defeat these imperatives are coordination of environmental change exercises, (incorporated) arranging and data management.Capacity building including helping the formation of a ‘climate change cell’ inside the Department of Environment (DOE) to manufacture government limit with respect to coordination and administration on environmental change issues required. The cell can facilitates mindfulness raising, support and instruments to advance environmental change adjustment and hazard decrease being developed exercises, just as reinforcing existing information and data openness on effects and adjustment to envi ronmental change. Presentation As a piece of our MBA course program we need to present a term paper.As our course instructor chose the themes â€Å"Climate Change and Bangladesh†. In like manner we need to compose on this point. Environmental change is a drawn out change in the measurable dispersion of climate designs over timeframes that run from decades to a huge number of years. It might be an adjustment in the normal climate conditions or an adjustment in the conveyance of climate occasions as for a normal, for instance, more noteworthy or less outrageous climate occasions. Environmental change might be constrained to a particular district, or may happen over the entire Earth.In ongoing utilization, particularly with regards to ecological arrangement, environmental change for the most part alludes to changes in present day atmosphere. It might be qualified as anthropogenic environmental change, all the more by and large known as an unnatural weather change or anthropogeni c a worldwide temperature alteration Bangladesh is every now and again refered to as one of the most powerless nations to environmental change in light of its disadvantageous geographic area, level and low-lying geology, high populace thickness, elevated levels of destitution, dependence of numerous jobs on atmosphere touchy segments especially agribusiness and fisheries and wasteful institutional aspects.Many of the foreseen antagonistic effects of environmental change, for example, ocean level ascent, higher temperatures, upgraded storm precipitation, and an expansion in twister force, will bother the current burdens that as of now hinder advancement in Bangladesh, especially by decreasing water and food security and harming fundamental infrastructure.These effects could be amazingly impeding to the economy, the earth, national turn of events, and the individuals of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is probably the biggest delta on the planet, framed by a thick system of the distributaries o f the waterways Ganges, Brahmaputra, and the Meghna, and in excess of 230 significant streams and their tributaries and distributaries. The complete land territory is 147, 570 sq km and comprises generally of low, level land. 0 percent of the land is floodplain, and just in the extraordinary northwest do heights surpass 30 meters above mean ocean level, making most of Bangladesh (except for the good countries) inclined to flooding in any event part of the year, with the floodplains of the north western, focal, south focal and north eastern areas subject to ordinary flooding. Between 30-70 percent of the nation is typically overwhelmed every year. The degree of flooding is exacerbated by the dregs loads brought by the three significant Himalayan waterways, combined with a unimportant stream slope, which expands congestion.Bangladesh has built up some limit with regards to managing the effects of environmental change at the national level, and strategy reaction alternatives have been prepared that manage weakness decrease to natural fluctuation when all is said in done, and all the more as of late, to environmental change specifically. What's more, Bangladesh has for quite a while been perceived as an especially powerless nation by the universal network, and has gotten catastrophe the board and adjustment support in a few parts. ReasonsThe increment in CO2 levels because of outflows from non-renewable energy source burning, trailed by pressurized canned products (particulate issue in the climate) and concrete assembling. Different elements, including land use, ozone exhaustion, creature farming and deforestation, are additionally of worry in the jobs they play †both independently and related to different elements †in influencing atmosphere, microclimate, and proportions of atmosphere factors. Nursery Effect The Earth is encircled by a layer of gases that demonstration to trap heat. These purported ‘greenhouse gases’ are important to suppor t life on Earth.Like the glass dividers of a nursery, they let the sun’s beams enter however prevent a portion of the warmth from circumventing, keeping the planet sufficiently warm to permit life. Nonetheless, as individuals cause progressively ozone harming substances to be discharged into the climate, the nursery impact gets more grounded. More warmth is caught and the Earth's atmosphere starts to change unnaturally. Ozone harming substances predominantly comprise of water fumes and carbon dioxide, sulpher dioxide and incorporate different gases like methane and nitrous oxide. Industrialization From the sixteenth Century and onwards the European countries went to created industries.With the initiation industrialization, there is more emanation, deforestation (for spot, fuel and structures) had happened. Urbanization With the cutting edge human progress, individuals went for urbanization in each nation. Individuals made houses, workplaces, manufacturing plants, schools, eme rgency clinics, markets and streets and so forth by wiping out timberlands and woods. Consuming petroleum derivatives When non-renewable energy sources like coal, oil and gas are singed, they discharge ozone harming substances. In 2005, consuming petroleum derivatives sent around 27 billion tones of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.People consume non-renewable energy sources to make vitality, which is utilized for some, things including †¢ warming homes and structures †¢ developing, shipping and preparing food †¢ voyaging (for instance, via vehicle, plane, transport and train) †¢ getting water make it drinkable, warming it and channeling it into homes †¢ assembling, utilizing and moving items, from garments to ice chests, from plastic sacks to batteries Deforestation Cutting down backwoods quicker than they are supplanted (deforestation) is a significant supporter of environmental change. It causes 5. 9 billion tones of CO2 for each year to be discharged i nto the air.This represents 20 percent of the world’s carbon outflows †more than the whole worldwide vehicle division produces. Deforestation makes such an immense commitment to carbon discharges since trees assimilate CO2 as they develop. The more trees that are chopped down, the less there will be left to ingest CO2, driving toâ it developing in the environment. Also, the horticulture and industry that supplant the backwoods frequently cause an additional issue by creating carbon discharges of their own. Populace Growth As the world’s populace develops, thereâ are more individuals who need food, animals and energy.This expanded interest prompts expanded discharges. ImpactsLoss on Environ

20 Must-Read Audiobooks Narrated by Black Women

20 Must-Read Audiobooks Narrated by Black Women Ive always thought of audiobooks as a collaboration between the author and the narrator(s). I dont mean to imply that authors deserve less credit for their work in audio form. But when it comes to audiobooks, I do think the narration is as important as the writing. Its magical, reallyâ€"when read out loud, books become a slightly different kind of art. So I pay a lot of attention to narrators. I like to think about whos narrating a story in the same way I think about whos telling it. Is the narration own voices? Does the narrator have some cultural or ethnic connection to the characters? Theres no one right answer to these questions. Audiobook narrators are a talented bunch of voice actors, many of whom beautifully, authentically and respectfully voice a staggering range of accents and dialects. Thinking about what a narrator does or doesnt bring to a book is just one part of a bigger conversation about racism, sexism, power, and privilege in the realm of books and publishing. In a world where straight white cisgender male is still the default everything, including the default voice, celebrating and honoring diverse narrators is important. This list is all about audiobooks narrated by Black women, but Rioters have also made great lists featuring Native, First Nations and Indigenous narrators and  own voices narrators from a variety of identities. There are hundreds and hundreds of incredible audiobooks narrated by Black women. This list is just the beginning. But these are some of the best audiobooks Ive ever encountered. These narrators bring something new to every book they narrate. Whether you like to listen to science fiction, historical fiction, memoir, or poetry, these are audiobooks you wont want to miss. YA Fiction Escaping Exodus by Nicky Drayden, read by Cherise Boothe and Adenrele Ojo Two brilliant narrators take this weird and wonderful sci-fi novel up a notch. Set in a future where humans live on giant space beasts that serve as ship, shelter, and fuel, it follows two young women from different backgrounds as they navigate the highly stratified world of their space-beast-turned-spaceship. Both narrators perfectly embody the protagonists, as well as bringing to life a range of side characters with unique and unforgettable voices. On the Come Up by Angie Thomas, read by Bahni Turpin If any book was written to be read aloud, its a book about hip-hop. All Bri wants is to be a famous rapper like her father. But its definitely not an easy road, especially not for a Black teenage girl. Bahni Turpin is absolutely brilliant in this. She carries the heart of the bookâ€"the power of rapâ€"in her voice. Its an unforgettable performance of a powerful novel. The Stars and the Blackness Between Them by Junauda Petrus, read by Junauda Petrus, Bahni Turpin, and JD Jackson Heartfelt, authentic, and emotional narration adds depth to this quiet love story. When her mother discovers her with another girl, she sends Audre from her home in Trinidad to live with her dad in Minneapolis. Thats where she meets Mabel, and the two girls form an immediate bond. This is a lovely, shimmering, slightly magical novel that celebrates blackness and friendship. Turpin and Petrus inhabit their characters with such force that I sometimes found myself holding my breath. The Poet X by Elizabeth Acevedo, read by Elizabeth Acevedo If a novel-in-verse read by the author isnt the stuff that superior audiobooks are made of, I dont know what is. Acevedo is clearly the only person who could do this book justice. Xiomara is a Dominican American teenager dealing with a whole lot of teenage issuesâ€"family relationships, identity, alienation. So she turns to slam poetry to figure herself out. Her words come alive in Acevedos voice; you can feel their power in your bones. The Diviners by Libba Bray, read by January LaVoy The sheer range of voices that LaVoyâ€"apparently effortlesslyâ€"inhabits in this audiobook is extraordinary. Set in a creepy, glittering, paranormal 1920s New York, this book follows Evie ONeill, newly arrived from Ohio, as she navigates the big city while trying to hide her supernatural powers. Evie befriends a slew of diverse teenagers, and LaVoy is up for the challenge of narrating from all their POVs. With so many accents and characters to keep track of, she never wavers, bringing them all to life with stunning clarity. Adult Fiction The Care and Feeding of Ravenously Hungry Girls by Anissa Gray, read by January LaVoy, Adenrele Ojo, Bahni Turpin, and Dominic Hoffman A quartet of talented narrators enlivens this complicated book about three sisters and their families. When the eldest sister and her husband are arrested, her two younger sisters are thrown together to deal with the consequences, as well as care for her teenage daughters. The story shifts between POVs, and the narrators are so good, their voices so distinct, that it feels like each of the sisters is speaking directly to to the reader. Queenie by Candice Carty-Williams, read by Shvorne Marks This book is a sharp, painful, sometimes funny, and unbearably honest dose of messy, real life twentysomething uncertainty. Queenie is a 25-year-old Jamaican British woman living in London, trying to determine who and what she wants, making a lot of bad decisions about sex and men, and dealing with endless racial microaggressions. Marks masterfully navigates British and Jamaican accents, and perfectly captures Queenies youthful angst as well as the very real trauma it sometimes masks. Red at the Bone by Jacqueline Woodson, read by Jacqueline Woodson, Bahni Turpin, Shayna Small, Quincy Tyler Bernstine, and Peter Francis James Four talented women (and one man), including the author, narrate this slim but powerful novel about three generations of a black family in Brooklyn. Weaving through time and point-of-view, Woodson explores the way story, trauma, and memory move through generations. The narrators, each voicing a different character, transport listeners to the Brooklyn neighborhood where much of the book takes place. Their voices are rich and varied, adding layers of feeling to this sparse and deeply felt novel. Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston, read by Ruby Dee Hurstons classic novel is remarkable in a hundred ways, but one of them is the prose: gorgeous writing that captures the truths of the time, place and characters in specific, memorable ways. Ruby Dee gives breath to the music in Hurstons words. Her performance is immersive and expansiveâ€"shes so good that it feels more like being inside the book than having someone read it to you. The Fifth Season by N.K. Jemisin, read by Robin Miles This is the book that made me fall in love with Robin Miles as a narrator. The story takes place in a world plagued with fifth seasonsâ€"erratic climatic events (earthquakes, volcanoes) that can disrupt civilization for years or generations. Its a brilliantly crafted story with incredibly complex characters; Jemisin weaves together three narratives in a stunning, unputdownable tapestry. There are few narrators I would trust with the nuance and intricacy of this book, and Miles is one of them. Her performance is flawless. Memoirs (Read by the Author) Becoming  by Michelle Obama Michelle Obamas memoir hardly needs an introductionâ€"she just won a Grammy for it. Its likely you already know what an incredible public speaker she is, and it shows in this audiobook. Shes forthright, emotional, warm, raw, funny. This is not a short listen, but I promise youll blow right through it. Her voice is that compelling. Redefining Realness  by Janet Mock Mocks beautiful and intersectional memoir about growing up trans in Honolulu is made even more powerful by her heartfelt narration. She speaks with a quiet power; her voice is sometimes raw and sometimes playful, but always full of a naked honesty thats a gift to the listener. Listening to her tell her own story, it is simply impossible not to be moved by it. When They Call You a Terrorist by Patrisse Khan-Cullors and Asha Bandele In this harrowing and vitally important memoir, the co-founder of Black Lives Matter writes about the profound ways that police brutality and a criminally racist justice system have devastated  her family, the experience of being a queer black woman in America, and her path to activism. The power of her words comes through in her voice, as she lays bare  stories of love and devastation, tenderness and atrocity, trauma and resilience. Year of Yes by Shonda Rhimes This isnt your typical self-help book or inspirational memoir. Its not at all prescriptive. Rhimes tells it like it is, for her: all the ways that saying yes (which sometimes means saying no) helped her build a life she loves. Shes aware of her privilege, and weaves it into the book, so that it never feels like the things shes talking about are unattainable for people who arent big TV producers. Her narration is stellar: funny, upbeat, warm, and engaging. Its like shes right there in your living room with you. Hunger by Roxane Gay This is a hard book to read. Its a book about trauma, about Gays experience with her body, with fatness, and with living in a world that despises and reviles unruly bodies. Its the most vulnerable and honest memoir Ive ever read; the truth-telling Gay does with her words is extraordinary. Listening to her read it makes it both harder to bear and more intensely intimate. Its a listening experience that will stay with you for life. Essay Collections (Read by the Author) Eloquent Rage by Brittney Cooper In this collection of brilliant essays, Cooper centers blackness, Black women, and Black feminism. She writes about the uses of rage, and the specific ways that black women use anger as a tool of powerful change. She delves deep into politics, friendship, interpersonal relationships, academia, and more. Listening to her read it out loud enhances the power of every word. This is a must-read for all feminists. We Are Never Meeting in Real Life by Samantha Irby You know youre in for a treat when a comedian reads their own audiobook. In this collection of smart and hilarious essays, Irby discusses everything from awkward sex, reality TV, and her weirdo cat to fatness, the various strange challenges of adulting, and traveling through the South as a Black queer woman. Shes funny, but she also cuts through all the mess right to the heart of whatever shes talking about. Her delivery is flawless. This Will Be My Undoing by Morgan Jerkins This book is a blend of intimate personal stories and rigorous analysis and critique. Jerkins writes with sharp honesty about pop culture and feminism, and then uses that same clear-eyed honesty as she recounts her experiences as a Black girl and young Black woman. Her voice is so alive and expressive; it adds layers of depth to the essays that make it hard to stop  listening. Poetry (Read by the Author) Duende by Tracy K. Smith Smiths poetry thrives in that tension that lives in beautiful writing about horrific things. The poems in this collection delve down into the roots of history, exploring both the personal and political sides of art, survival, geography. Smith reads them with the confidence and precision that only an author can give to their own work. It is easy to get lost on the tide of her voice, which is both intense and mesmerizing. But her careful delivery also adds meaning to the poems themselves; this is a book worth listening to more than once. Teaching My Mother How to Give Birth  by Warsan Shire This audiobook is only 30 minutes long, but it feels almost infinite in lengthâ€"Shires words are so compelling theyll go on echoing in your head and heart long after youve finished listening. These poems about immigration, trauma, home, and the complicated ways that humans make journeys come alive in Shires voice. She gives an emotional performance, and unlike some poetry thats read aloud, her phrasing is never forced or formal. Out loud, in her voice, the poems become their true selves: living, breathing creatures. Its an extraordinary 30 minutes. Looking for more great audiobooks narrated by Black women? Casey put together a stellar list. Weve also got a listening pathway for Bahni Turpin and a whole lot of content to help you find the best Robin Miles audiobooks. Sign up for Audiobooks to receive the latest from the audiobooks world. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Career Essay A Career As A Career - 1256 Words

I have had many jobs throughout my life but now I am with an amazing career. Through a crazy set of events over my life; I was introduced to archaeology. My jobs have consisted of being a dancer, working in food establishments, a cashier, a sales person, a daycare teacher, a school bus driver, a church secretary and owning my business. These jobs may not have had a direct influence on my current career choice but they have all made me the person I am today. In most of my jobs I have pushed myself to excel and move up the â€Å"corporate ladder†. I started my archaeology career by keeping books for my ex-boss, Jeffrey Pangburn. I was promoted to his office manager but it was not until he fired me, that my career really began. Excelling in†¦show more content†¦My main job was office manager. However, I felt learning about archaeology would help me to excel in this position. I had no knowledge of archaeology except the occasional arrow-head hunting I did while m arried to my ex. Jeff began taking me out to the field, showing me all the steps and procedures of his job. Every day out in the field was like being on a class field trip. I learned that archaeology entails more than looking for arrow heads. Because of my time in the field and the vast amount of information Jeff taught me, my skills in the office improved. My office duties also included writing archaeological reports and filling out the forms. These reports and forms include detailed information about the cultural materials, geology, and topology. Having the knowledge from working in the field made filling out the forms and writing the reports easier. Unfortunately, over the six years with Jeff, the business grew and I had less time in the field. All of that changed on February 24th, 2017. Jeff was not only my boss but we were also best friends. No matter what was going on I could always give Jeff my honest opinion. 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As a child I would look at my mother-nursing textbook was intrigued by the muscular and skeletal systems The most intriguing part was how muscles, tendons, and ligaments all work to attach themselves to our skeletal system to create motion. My second career interesteas in mass communications. After only one semester I realized that I had no real desire to pursue a career in this fieldRead MoreEssay on career632 Words   |  3 Pages Career and Family Report nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The career I chose was Computer Engineer. Computer Engineers work with the hardware and software aspects of computer design and development. They use science and mathematics to develop new kinds of hardware and software and also solve technical problems. Computer engineers usually work as part of a team rather than by themselves. Computer hardware engineers usually design, develop, test and supervise the manufacture of computer hardware-Read More Dentist Career Essay690 Words   |  3 PagesDentist Career Dentistry is a career in healthcare that works in the mouth. Dentists are trained to diagnose, prevent, and treat various problems associated with teeth and mouth tissue. It is the job of the dentist to be fully aware of different types of dental problems and be able to recognize those problems through analyzing x-rays, as well as visual variation between individual mouths. The primary focus of dental care is to teach prevention to its patients of how to prevent gum disease, toothRead MoreCareer Research: A Career as a Social Worker Essay540 Words   |  3 PagesI chose social working as my career because many other people go through tough situations and have a difficult time talking to relatives or friends to help them through a tough situation. I thought of becoming a social worker so I can have the ability to change the lives of others. Social work is one of those careers you can truly make a difference in people’s lives. I want to become a social worker because life isnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t about just helping yourself it’s about helping others as well, which is what social

A Cry For Justice By Martin Luther King Jr. - 1581 Words

A Cry for Justice The â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† a brilliant compilation of ethos, logos and pathos. Martin Luther King Jr. executed a monumental movement in the United States. Supporting the minority group, and acting as a voice for the people. King firmly believed in what the declaration of independence had to say about the rights of men all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness (1). (Declaration of independence) Not only was king upset about the condition of living for the minority he was furious when the churches would not accept that they were not helping the cause. Martin Luther King Jr. Sent the Birmingham letter as a cry for justice, using ethos, logos and pathos to defend the ones in need. Here is some background information about what was going on in America at the time King started his movement. The book Justice Denied explained a news article the day before King was arrested four little black children were killed when a bomb was tossed out of a passing car into a Sunday school class at the 16th street Baptist Church (342). (Justice Denied) Tensions were high at that time causing hate from both the white and black population. Justice denied had yet another article about how the black population was treated The forces were made up mainly of high school and college youths. They were beaten, set upon by police dogs, and hit by highShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King s I Have A Dream Speech891 Words   |  4 PagesSince Kindergarten, teachers have been teaching students about Martin Luther King Junior’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech. Ever since children have been born, they have celebrated Independence Day by either going to a parade, or shooting fireworks. Although, at these young ages, children don’t quite know the real importance of each of them. 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Our fears then and are still now today have kept our souls andRead MoreBirmingham Campaign Speech Persuasive Speech1639 Words   |  7 PagesInterviewer: Good evening ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr: Good evening, it’s a privilege being here to discuss an important matter with you all. Interviewer: I hear that you re going to talk about the history of Racial Discrimination which happened in Birmingham, 1963. Martin Luther King Jr: Yes, that is true. I believe it is time for the audience to learn the truth about the Birmingham Campaign that happened in 1963. Interviewer: We are tryingRead MoreMartin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis806 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis of Martin Luther King’s Speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† Likita M. Taylor ITT-Tech English 1320: Composition I November 12 2012 Rhetorical Analysis of Martin Luther King’s Speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† â€Å"I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.† These are the opening words of Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I have a dream speech†, which he predicted will be the foundation of the Civil Rights MovementRead MoreBlack Power Movement774 Words   |  4 Pagesam Black and I am proud’ was an anthem that filled the 1960s. A time period which saw the militancy of Malcolm X, the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and a student movement that would push forward an agenda of black culture empowerment that would change America. This movement arose from civil activism of the 1950s with leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X during the Civil Rights movement and then Stokely Carmichael. 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By his eloquent use of ethos, logos, and pathos, as well as his command of presentation skills and rhetorical devices, King was able to persuade his generation that the Negro is not free (King 1). His speech became the rallying cry for civil rightsRead MoreArgumentative Synthesis Letter from Birmingham Jail1535 Words   |  7 PagesEverlasting Voice of Understanding During the 1960’s of American history violent acts were aimed at African Americans in the name of racism and segregation. In a case such as this one, many would seek refuge from the government, but to little surprise, cries for refuge went unanswered. Making matters worse was the fact that the Government allowed segregation to continue due to legal documents in many southern states. Acceptable forms of oppression were separated into four categories: racial segregation;Read MoreOne Man s Cry Out1530 Words   |  7 PagesOne Man’s Cry Out Members of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, including Rev. 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Australian Legal Studies Student Tutorial Book Semester 2 Free Essays

Australian Legal Studies Student Tutorial Book Semester 2 2013 ? Australian Legal Studies Course Semester Two Tutorial Format 1 session of 1. 5 hours duration per week There is one tutorial session each week and each session will focus on topics from the previous weeks lecture. For example, in week 2 the tutorial will discuss topics covered in the lecture for week 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Australian Legal Studies Student Tutorial Book Semester 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The topics for each weeks lecture and the reading you are expected to do for that lecture are set out in the â€Å"Outline and Reading Guide†. As well as reading from the set textbooks you also need to read the additional readings and resource materials for each unit. These materials are located in the separate Legal Studies Supplementary Material booklet which accompanies this Tutorial Program. The questions which you will discuss or present in your tutorials are listed in this Tutorial Program. Before each tutorial you must complete the suggested reading for that week and then prepare formal, written answers to the questions. You are expected to take an active part in these tutorials by discussing the topics and by raising questions. You will also be given regular writing and a team oral task to complete in tutorials and are expected to refer to decided cases in your answers. It is essential that you prepare for these tutorials by completing both the reading and writing tasks. This will ensure your success in the program. UNSW Foundation Studies 1 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Australian Legal Studies Course Outcomes Rationale Australian Legal Studies introduces students to the Australian constitutional and legal framework. It assumes no previous knowledge. The course examines some detail of the major topic areas that students can expect to encounter at undergraduate level. Students will gain a clear awareness of the important institutions and processes in the Australian and Global legal environment and be exposed to current political and legal issues. Content Outcomes At the end of the course successful students will have developed an: ? understanding of the origins and sources of Australian and International law ? understanding of comparative legal systems and the responses of domestic law to global challenges ? awareness of how cultural differences impact upon the legal system ? appreciation of the impact of law on everyday life and on business operations understanding of basic legal terminology and concepts ? ability to analyse legal cases and apply the law to a range of situations ? awareness of the complexity of legal issues in the global business environment and in the world of e-commerce ? awareness of a variety of dispute resolution processes in Australia and from a global perspective UNSW Foundation Studies 2 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Skill s Outcomes At the end of the course successful students should be: ? competent in both oral and written English language communication skills required for successful undergraduate study proficient in using a range of communication technologies ? able to think critically and analyse problem solving questions in legal studies ? able to engage in independent and reflective learning ? proficient in locating and using information from a variety of sources ? able to work in groups and teams ? familiar with teaching and learning styles at Australian universities ? able to behave ethically and take responsibility for their own actions and educational outcomes ? effective at task and time management ? aware of different cultures and understand alternative viewpoints UNSW Foundation Studies 3 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Student Assessment in Australian Legal Studies Standard Program Assessment schedule Item Duration Weighting Semester 1 exam 1. 5 hours 30% Final exam (Sem. 2 topics only) 2. 5 hours 60% Tutorial Preparation Participation Full year 10 % (2 x 5%) UNSW Foundation Studies 4 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Semester 1 Exam Weighting: 30% This assessment item examines all units from Semester One. Normally a semester examination consists of multiple choice items and short written responses similar to those asked as tutorial questions. The semester exam covers semester 1 units only. Final Exam Weighting: 60% This Examination covers all units from Semester Two. Normally the Final Examination consists of multiple choice questions, short written responses and longer essay answers. The final exam covers semester 2 units only. Tutorial Preparation/Participation Weighting: 10 %( 2x 5 % per semester) Marks are allocated according to a variety of criteria relating to students overall tutorial performance. Some of these criteria might include: ? the quality of written answers prepared for tutorials and quality of graded writing tasks; ? individual oral presentations on particular tutorial questions as nominated by the tutor; ? o-operation and willingness to participate in and at times lead discussion on particular tutorial questions as nominated by the tutor ? evidence of completion of the required and additional reading; ? punctuality and attendance UNSW Foundation Studies 5 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Australian Legal Studies Oral Presentation Student Feedback Sheet Student name / tutorial gro up: Grading Criteria Excellent Very Good Satisfactory Not Satisfactory Organisation Evidence of planning Content Relevant and accurate Quality Explanation of legal issues and concepts Discussion Facilitated and responded to class questions Delivery Confidence, clarity, resources used Time Frame Kept within time limit 5-10 min Additional Comments by Tutor: Overall Grade: Date: Signature of Tutor: UNSW Foundation Studies 6 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Required Textbooks KEY TO REFERENCES Alderson P (2006) Legal Dictionary for Australians,2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, Sydney. Note: Students are expected to make ongoing use of their dictionary. Carvan, John (2010) Understanding the Australian Legal System 6th ed. Lawbook Co. Sydney Chew Charles YC (2008) Business Law Guidebook 1st ed Oxford Melbourne Australia Australian Legal Studies Supplementary Material RELEVANT http://www. eo. gov. au (Parliamentary Education office) http://www. aph. gov. au (Australian Parliament House) http://www. hcourt. gov. au (High Court of Australia) http://www. austlii. edu. au (Aust. Legal Information Institute) http://www. lawlink. nsw. gov. au (NSW Courts and Tribunals) http://www. ipaustralia. gov. au (Intellectual Property Australia) http://www. ahtcc. gov . au (Aust. High Tech. Crime Centre) http://www. acia. org. au (Aust. Centre International Commercial Arbitration) http://www. law. unsw. edu. au/centres/klc( Kingsford legal centre UNSW) http://www. comlaw. gov. au (Commercial law) http://www. business. ov. au ( Business Law) http://www. australiancontractlaw. com (contract aw) http://www. flyingsolo. com. au ( sole traders) UNSW Foundation Studies 7 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Semester 2 Outline and Reading Guide Unit Lecture topics Reading for Tutorials 1 Introduction to Commercial Law Legal framework for the operation of a business Alternative business structures Obligations of business owners Chew ch 9 Carvan p. 194-198 SM Corporations Law Concept of legal personality and the corporate veil ( Salomon case) Advantages and disadvantages of Incorporation Role and responsibility of company directors (ASIC v Adler) Remedies for breach of duty 3 Negligence 1 Tort of negligence –Donoghue v Stevenson Duty of care-neighbour principle Standard of care – reasonable person test Causation – but for test Remoteness of damage 4 Chew ch. 8 Carvan ch. 8 SM Negligence 11 Liability for negligent misstatement and pure economic loss Liability of professional advisers Vicarious liability Defences-Contributory negligence Voluntary assumption of risk 5 Chew ch’s 10 11 Carvan p. 194-198 SM Chew ch. 8 Carvan ch. 8 SM Contracts I Nature of contract law Elements of a contract Offer and acceptance Competition and Consumer Act UNSW Foundation Studies Chew ch. 2 Carvan ch. 7 SM ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 Unit Lecture topics 6 Reading for Tutorials Contracts II Intention to create legal relations Consideration Remedies for breach of contract 7 International Sales Contracts 1 Contracts and International Trade Vienna Convention of CISG How to negotiate and carry out an export contract 8 SM Int ernational Sales Contracts 11 Case Studies Choice of Law rules Proper Law Private International law 9 SM Resolving Business Disputes ADR methods used in commercial disputes Case Study-International business dispute 10 Chew ch. 7 Carvan p. 85-87 Intellectual Property Law Intellectual Property (IP) concepts IP protection- Aust. and International UGG boots case study 11 SM Carvan p. 201-204 E-Commerce and the Law Case Study- Gutnick v Dow Jones Legal Challenges for the future e. g. identity theft Contracting on-line Cybercrime- defamation, fraud, piracy. 12 13 Chew ch’s 34 Carvan ch. 7 SM Chew ch. 7 SM Revision Revision units for Exams M. C. essay writing skills Review of Sample Exams Sample Exam Booklet Final Exam UNSW Foundation Studies 9 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 1 Introduction to Commercial Law Week 2 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. commercial law business entity sole trader partnership franchise company Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. What is the scope of commercial law? How do business and the law work together? (Give an example) 2. Mr. Lee wants to establish a construction business. He seeks your advice about different types of business structures. What are the alternative business structures he may consider? 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the following alternative business structures? ? Sole trader ? Partnerships ? Franchise . When establishing a business, what are some of the legal obligations of a business owner? Writing Task What is commercial law? Explain some of the legal obligations of the business owner when establishing and operating business. Student Presentation: Question 2 UNSW Foundation Studies 10 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 2 Corporations law Week 3 The following terms and concepts mu st be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. corporation corporate personality limited liability unlimited liability corporate veil fiduciary relationship shareholder irector perpetual succession Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of incorporation? 2. Discuss the legal principle of the corporate veil and in your answer refer to the case of Salomon v Salomon Co. Ltd (1897) UK. 3. When would the court lift or ignore the corporate veil? (give examples in your answer) 4. Explain the duties of Mr. Lee as a director of Lee Constructions Ltd. What remedies could the court impose for a breach of these duties? (In your answer refer to ASIC v Adler (2002) Writing Task What is the corporate veil? Explain the circumstances under which the corporate veil could be lifted. (In your answer refer to a decided case) Student Presentation: Question 4 UNSW Foundation Studies 11 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 3 Negligence 1 Week 4 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. tort negligence duty of care standard of care â€Å"reasonable (person) test† causation â€Å"but for test† remoteness of damage defence Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. Explain the elements of negligence. 2. Discuss the element of duty of care developed in the landmark case of Donoghue v Stevenson (1932). Refer to Lord Atkin’s definition of â€Å"Who is my neighbour†? 3. Mr. Lee was having a business lunch at a hotel in Sydney with a client who bought him a can of beer. After drinking some of its contents, he found a fly in the can. When he saw it, he became quite ill. He decides to sue for compensation. The manufacturer claims that it does not owe the man any duty of care because it did not sell the drink to him. Instead the publican should be liable because he sold the can to him. (i) Identify the type of tort and relevant precedent case. (ii) If you were the judge, what decision would you make in this case? Explain the ratio of your decision. What are the possible civil defences? (iii) 4. Explain the element of breach of duty with reference to the following cases: Bolton v Stone and Paris v Stepney Borough Council Writing Task What is negligence? Explain briefly the elements which the plaintiff must prove to be successful in a negligence action. (In your answer refer to decided cases) Student Presentation: Question 3 UNSW Foundation Studies 12 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 4 Negligence 11 Week 5 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. negligent misstatement pure economic loss contributory negligence voluntary assumption of risk vicarious liability Mr. Lee has, for many years, operated a construction business in Sydney. He decided to expand his business but realised that to do so he would need to borrow a significant amount of money. Mr. Lee went to his local branch of the Oright Bank to ask for a loan. He spoke to Barlow, the branch manager. The Oright Bank has an established practice of giving free financial advice to members of the public. Barlow advised Mr. Lee that the Oright Bank would not grant him a loan and that in any event Mr. Lee’s best course of action would be to borrow Swiss francs from the Bank of Geneva. The Bank of Geneva was lending Swiss francs at a much lower rate than Mr. Lee would have to pay if he borrowed Australian dollars. Acting on this advice, Mr. Lee borrowed one hundred thousand Swiss francs from the Bank of Geneva. Soon after Mr. Lee took out his loan the Australian dollar fell heavily against the Swiss franc. As a result of that fall, Mr. Lee must now repay, in dollar terms, twice as much as his original loan. Mr. Lee now claims that Barlow was negligent in not warning him of the risks of currency fluctuation and in not advising him to take out insurance to protect himself from those risks. He wishes to take legal action against the Oright Bank to recover his loss. Write a report to advise Mr. Lee of his chances of success based on the tort of negligence. (In your answer refer to decided cases such as Hedley Byrne, Shaddock, Esanda. ) You will need to consider these issues: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) Is the Oright Bank liable for damage caused by Barlow’s negligence? Did Mr. Lee suffer pure economic loss? Does the Oright Bank owe Mr. Lee a duty of care? If so, has the Bank breached its duty? If so, did the bank’s breach cause Mr. Lee’s loss? Is Mr. Lee’s loss too remote? What are possible defences which the Oright bank can argue? Writing Task (Mandatory): Connie case (provided by tutor) Student Presentation: None UNSW Foundation Studies 13 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 5 Contracts 1 Week 6 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. offer acceptance agreement contract invitation to treat breach Competition and Consumer Act 2010 Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. Identify and discuss the essential elements of a valid contract. (In your answer distinguish between simple and formal contracts under seal) 2. Explain the rules of offer and acceptance. (In your answer distinguish between an offer and an invitation to treat) 3. Analyse the case of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co 1893. Discuss the facts, issue, arguments of both sides and decision in this case. Consider the relevance of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (previously the Trade Practices Act) S18 if the case was being heard today. 4. Mr. Lee sees the following advertisement in a magazine: â€Å"Use Hair Loss Restorer daily for 10 weeks and your hair will regrow to its original thickness, if not a full refund is guaranteed! † Mr. Lee purchases the product, uses it as directed, however his hair continues to fall out! He claims a refund but the company refuses to pay. Advise Mr. Lee as to his rights under the Law of Contract. (In your answer refer to one decided case) Writing Task: Bargain Stores case study (provided by the tutor) Student Presentation: Question 4 UNSW Foundation Studies 14 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 6 Contracts 11 Week 7 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. intention to create legal relations consideration remedy damages specific performance Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. How important is intention to enter into legal relations in contracts? Refer to Balfour v Balfour (1919) and Merritt v Merritt (1970) in your answer. 2. Explain the difference between adequate and sufficient consideration. Refer to decided cases. 3. Where there has been a breach of contract, what remedies are available to the innocent party? Refer to examples in your answer) 4. Mr. Lee has lost his dog and has placed an advertisement in the local newspaper offering to pay a reward of $50 to anyone who finds his dog, Spot. Bob, who has not seen the advertisement, finds Spot. He reads Spot’s collar and returns the dog to Mr. Lee. Is Bob entitled to the reward? Don has also lost his dog an d similarly places an advertisement notifying a reward. He offers $100 for the return of his dog, Fido. Harry, the local dog catcher (whose job involves retrieving and impounding stray dogs and promptly notifying their owners), sees the advertisement. Later Harry finds Fido and returns him to Don. Is Harry entitled to the reward? Writing Task Coming of Age Designs case study (provided by tutor) Student Presentation: Tutorial Question 4 UNSW Foundation Studies 15 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 7 International Sales Contracts 1 Week 8 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. proper law Vienna Sales Convention(CISG) conflict of laws private International Law Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. What are the 3 basic legal questions for Mr. Lee to consider when entering into a contract with an overseas supplier of machinery for his construction company? 2. What are the aims and main provisions of the Vienna Sales Convention (CISG)? 3. Explain the different types of contracts which can be used for international sales of goods and services. 4. Explain the special features of international sales contracts. (In your answer refer to examples) Writing Task What is an international sales contract? Explain briefly the basic legal questions which must be considered when entering into an international sales contract. Student Presentation: Tutorial Question 2 UNSW Foundation Studies 6 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 8 International Sales Contracts 11 Week 9 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. fundamental breach damages letter of credit nachfrist notice Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. What are t he key issues to consider when problem solving a dispute over an international sales contract? 2. Discuss the following cases in terms of proper law of the contract: Oceanic Sun Line Special Shipping v Fay (1988) Amin Rasheed Shipping Corp. v Kuwait Ins Co (1984) 3. Explain the possible remedies for a breach of an international sales contract. 4. Lee Constructions Ltd. an Australian company, entered into a contract with Cologne Park Pty. Ltd. a German manufacturer of cranes, to purchase two new machines. The parties agreed that the payment would be by letter of credit but at the time of shipment the buyer had not obtained any letter of credit. Advise the seller as to their legal rights. Writing Task: Jill and Wen case study (provided by the tutor) Student Presentation: Tutorial Question 3 UNSW Foundation Studies 17 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 9 Resolving Business Disputes Week 10 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) Negotiation Mediation Conciliation Arbitration Independent expert appraisal Litigation Aust. Commercial Disputes Centre (ACDC) Aust. Centre for International Commercial Arbitration (ACICA) Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. What is a commercial dispute? (In your answer refer to examples) 2. Lee Constructions Ltd. has a dispute with a supplier of concrete which is necessary to complete a new building in the city. He may experience a loss of $5 million if the building is not completed on time. Outline possible methods which could be used to settle this dispute. 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ADR methods when used in the resolution of a consumer dispute between a landlord and a tenant? 4. What would be some of the problems of using litigation to settle an international commercial dispute? What are the advantages of Arbitration? Writing Task What is ADR? What would be some of the problems of using litigation to settle a consumer dispute between a builder and a customer? Student Presentation: Tutorial Question 2 UNSW Foundation Studies 18 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 10 Intellectual Property Law Week 11 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. intellectual property (IP) copyright trademark trade secret patent registered design IP Australia infringement Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form. 1. What is Intellectual property? Give examples of different types. (In your answer refer to the UGG BOOT case study) 2. How can an effective intellectual property management strategy give Lee Constructions a competitive advantage? . Lee Constructions have expanded operations overseas and seek advice about international IP protection. How can the company protect its IP assets overseas? 4. Lee Constructions Ltd. have launched ? a new trademark, ? a new chemical which quick dries poured concrete, ? a new aluminium pylon, ? a software package for a design of buildings. Advise the com pany as to how it can prevent competitors from copying these IP assets. What possible remedies may be available for infringement? Writing Task How can an effective IP strategy improve the market share and profit of a company? Student Presentation: Tutorial Question 4 Internet Sites http://www. ipaustralia. gov. au http://www. copyright. org. au http://www. wipo. org UNSW Foundation Studies 19 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 11 E- Commerce the Law Week 12 The following terms and concepts must be understood in the context of the tutorial. You should provide written definitions of these concepts. cybercrime defamation fraud contracts on-line identity theft Prepare answers to the following questions using paragraph form 1. Mr. Lee is a victim of ‘identity theft’ and has money withdrawn from his bank accounts without his knowledge. How does the law in Australia deal with these types of offences? . Discuss the legal issue in Gutnick v Dow Jones Co Inc (2002) and possible legal remedies. 3. Why is increasing use of the internet providing legal challenges to business? (give examples in your answer) 4. When engaging in e-commerce, what issues should be considered when entering into contracts on-line? Writing Task Explain the legal issue and si gnificance of the decision in Gutnick v Dow Jones Co. Inc. Student Presentation: Tutorial Question 4 UNSW Foundation Studies 20 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 12 13 Revision Week 13 Revision ? Review of sample examinations ? Multiple choice questions Exam essay writing ? Using precedents UNSW Foundation Studies 21 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 UNSW Foundation Studies 22 ALS Tutorial Book Semester 2 UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Foundation Studies UNSW Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Telephone: 61 2 9385 5396 Facsimile: 61 2 9662 2651 Email: foundation. year@unsw. edu. au Web: www. ufs. unsw. edu. au UNSW Foundation Studies is an education group of UNSW Global Pty Limited, a not-for-profit provider of education, training and consulting services and a wholly owned enterprise of the University of New South Wales ABN 62 086 418 582 CRICOS How to cite Australian Legal Studies Student Tutorial Book Semester 2, Essays

Irony in Richard Cory free essay sample

Edward Arlington Robinson’s â€Å"Richard Cory† is a narrative poem illustrating how we, as individuals, should cherish that which we have, because the truly important things in life can be lost if our attention strays to envy. By being thankful, this would lead to a greater sense of fulfillment, thus negating the natural human urge to want what we do not, and cannot, have. Another point expressed by Robinson, to steal a basic literature reference, is not to judge a book by its cover. Although a cliche, the austerity of the message coincides with the fundamental principles of the poem’s intent. As a whole, Robinson uses irony as a foundation for the context of the poem. Specifically, the poem takes on a sense of tragic irony. Richard Cory’s only accomplishment the reader has knowledge of is to commit suicide. Although Cory appears to have everything a man could desire (status, riches, charm, looks, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Irony in Richard Cory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ), he mentally collapses and all previous intentions are lost. In this particular poem, Robinson includes himself as an admirer of Cory. To relate to the reader even more, Robinson is seen as one of the commoners telling this tale of woe. Writing from the first-person point of view, Robinson immediately casts Richard as a celebrity, explaining that â€Å"we people on the pavement looked at him. † Richard Cory would go â€Å"down town† and the separation is established. The people are made to look up at him from the pavement, as if Cory were above the groundlings both literally and figuratively. The line creates imagery of Cory being carried on some kind of throne, exemplifying his regal existence in the similar fashion of an ancient king. The structure of the poem itself plays into the saga of Richard Cory. There are four stanzas, each consisting of four lines (a quatrain), with each line containing 10 syllables. Everything appears to be formal and organized, until we reach the last line of the poem. The suddenness of death serves as both an example and a metaphor: an outer facade of perfection, thought to stand the rigors of time, but a foundation which is crumbling. The shock and surprise of a suicide turns this tale into a horrific outcome. Although there is not much suspense leading up to the climax, this works to Robinson’s advantage because the gravity of the situation is now extremely enhanced. Even though Robinson refers to Richard Cory repeatedly in the past tense, our expectations for a conclusion are drastically exceeded. Each stanza is similarly written in terms of mechanics (one sentence with a colon after the second line), and each stanza seems to contribute a specific purpose. The first stanza introduces Cory, and establishes his status. The second stanza focuses on humanizing Cory, as Robinson tells us that Richard â€Å"was always human when he talked. Yet Robinson maintains Cory’s royal aura, amplified through â€Å"but he still fluttered pulses. † Some may look at this as an indictment towards Cory’s own nervousness around others, portraying his personality not as a â€Å"people-person. † This stanza takes on the feeling of understatement, telling us that Cory â€Å"was always quietly arrayed,† using Richard’s downplayed wardrobe as an example. We get the sense that Cory is a humble man, despite being a model of envy. The third stanza completes our insight into Cory, externally speaking. We think we know all that there is to know about Richard Cory. At this point, Robinson’s point of view towards Richard has reached its apex. Fittingly, the fourth stanza describes the subsequent tragic downfall of Cory. The first two lines express initial contempt towards Cory, and the final two lines are an abrupt end to a man who seemingly had everything. Of particular interest are Robinson’s choices of words in the fourth stanza. It begins with 27 Produced by The Berkeley Electronic Press, 2007 1 ESSAI, Vol. 5 [2007], Art. 13 â€Å"So on we worked. † This gives the reader a sense of chronology, for now the people are continuing with their respective lives, just as they will continue after Cory’s death. Life will go on after Richard Cory, and the people will slowly forget about him. Sadness is certainly implied, but not because this icon has perished. The melancholy tone could be because there is now no figurehead to admire. We instinctively aspire to become something greater, and this aspiration can be driven by a man such as Richard Cory. Also interesting is that Robinson chooses a â€Å"calm summer night† as the stage for Cory’s suicide. The â€Å"calm† is completely opposite of the chaos currently taking place inside Cory’s mind. Graphic thoughts and visuals are aroused simply when thinking about a bullet through the head. To imagine the â€Å"great† Richard Cory actually performing such a heinous act is disturbing. The reader is left longing for an explanation, and since one is not given, we can only hypothesize and in turn be thankful to be alive. Although there is no dialogue with Richard, Robinson explains how Cory, â€Å"fluttered pulses when he said, ‘good morning. ’† These two words are the perfect template for comparison, because the difference between how we perceive Cory and who he actually is are night-and-day. It is ironic that â€Å"good morning† is the only words spoken by Richard, as his story shifts from that point to a suicide at night. Robinson does a great job combining a story-telling technique which fuses prose into poetry parameters. The ABAB rhyme scheme provides balance and stability, whereas creativity allows for a platform of anticipation. The story of Richard Cory can be told, and a lesson can be learned.

Bad Breath, Taming the Beast from Within

Bad Breath, Taming the Beast from Within Free Online Research Papers It is the one of the most horrible situations you could find yourself in, wonderful conversation that is completely destroyed by horrible smelling breath, you’ve been there, engaged in a close proximity conversation suddenly realizing that the individual you are speaking to has horrible smelling gorilla breath. The gaseousness stench of the bad breath destroys any type of concentration that you have, and it takes everything inside of you to try not to vomit on the person or say â€Å"Dang, that is some stinky battery acid bad breath†¦.† continuing from that point is barely possible, most of your energy is used trying not to make a facial expression that communicates â€Å"I smell your bad breath.† The decomposing aroma educes almost seizure like responses. Most people do not tell people with bad breath â€Å"Hey, do you know your breath stinks?† Either, they think the person must know, or they don’t care enough about the person to give them a heads up about their current demon breath. Bad breath is especially nasty for those on the receiving end, but dealing with it correctly by helping each other out by simply asking gently â€Å"Do you realize that your breath is kicking up something furious.† Though, there are barriers in dealing with bad breath they should be dealt with on levels both personally and as a buddy, family member or colleague of a person with the problem. Personal Responsibility Bad breath, what is the first step to taking back what the enemy stole? First off, every able body has the duty to take superior care of their teeth and carry out superior oral sanitation that will help stop bad breath. Others should not have to pay the price for some one else’s lack of personnel care. People that are carriers of foul breath should be able to say â€Å"Hey, I’m all by myself and I smell bad breath, I wonder if its mine?† Then the action should be, eliminating this bad breath like a ferocious fire breathing dragon. If taming the fire breathing dragon of bad breath is not able to be done and the individual has done everything in their power to try, they should contact the closest fire breathing dragon tamer (bad breath specialist). Well, actually a doctor or dentist will suffice. Inform Culprits If you had bad breath wouldn’t you want to know? Most of us would, so that we could correct the decomposing breath stench. So, with that in mind we should tell the person that â€Å"Hey, whatever you had for lunch has your breath smelling horrid. Address the situation, break the bad breath, walk away. Sometimes, certain diseases that a person may have can cause bad breath, and medications can also play a big factor in bad breath. Telling someone can identify if they actually know that their breath stinks and help them avoid a reputation of a bad breath presence. Bringing this up is not an easy task and should not be done rudely. Friends don’t let friends talk with bad breath. Bringing up bad breath can be easy, do it by offering a piece of gum. Make a banner and post at work that says â€Å"Tic-Tacks save lives try one today and breathe easy.† Seriously, talk about the offensive nature of bad breath and then offer them a mint, gum, or a gift certificate to a dentist. This should scream to a person maybe I should deal with my bad breath Direct approaches work like a charm for dealing with bad breath, they avoid staying on the uncomfortable conversation very long and forces the person to either continue living with bad breath after it has been addressed or stand up and do something about their bad breath. This is not the most comfortable of situations but bad breath can and should be dealt with, to save multitudes. Research Papers on Bad Breath, Taming the Beast from WithinThe Spring and AutumnPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductCapital PunishmentHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

The Solution of Human Freedom Essay

The Solution of Human Freedom Essay The Solution of Human Freedom Essay There are three main categories of philosophy concerning the level of human freedom: free will, determinism and compatibilism. All they give solution to the question how much freedom does a person have. However, each of them have their certain strength and weakness, so none of these position can be a singular solution. Free will gives a solution, that states a possibility of any person to make an individual choice without the interference of any circumstances (Caouette). The strength of it is that according to this learning the person is independent from anybody or any occasions and that he or she has the ability and right to do any actions. It means, that persons actions is only under his or her responsibility and that there is no participle from any superior forces. Determinism is a philosophy position, that asserts that human does not have any control of his fate and that it is determined only by the will of God (Hannan, and Lehrer 49-54). Its strength is that whatever mistake a human could do, it is explained as the Gods will, which takes off any responsibility for these actions. Consequently, person should not worry about the rectitude of his or her actions, as they are providential by God. Compatibilism is a philosophy position, that permits the coexistence of free will and determinism (Hannan, and Lehrer 49-54). The strength of its position, that person could live according to his or her decision and at the same time to believe that their actions could be justified by the Gods will. From this state comes the conclusion, that person could do anything according to his or her decision, but it is important to remember that any action will be followed by the God. However, there is a list of weaknesses of every category. The weakness of free will is that according to this position person might have too much freedom. Therefore, if person cannot realize rational borders of his or her freedom, any action, that harms other individual or is pernicious for the society, can be justified, as person has the absolute right to do whatever he or she wants. Talking about the determinisms weakness, it can be said, that any fact in persons life, no matter it is positive or negative, is validated upon the Gods will. Thereof comes the conclusion that human does not have any ability to change its life and that it is doomed to already written script of life. The only choice, that is left to person is to live humbly according to the Christian morality, as any efforts to change his or her life are senseless. The weakness of compatibilism is that according to its definition, the concept of freedom is abstract. Person thinks that he or she actions relatively to pers onal choice, but actually these actions are predetermined by the God. The conclusion of it is that its position becomes the same to the position of determinism and that even if person considers own moves as the own choice, there is no freedom in fact. No matter which of these philosophical concepts the person holds, none of their solution of human freedom is perfect. It is difficult to find the rightest solution, so every person should choose it according to individual convictions and views. It is also important to find a compromise with people of different views to this question. You can also hire a professional essay writer to have your philosophy paper written from scratch. Our essay writing service is committed to provide students with high-quality custom papers.

The Federal Reserve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Federal Reserve - Essay Example Stable prices in a long-term run are requirements for moderate long-term interest rates, maximum employment, and sustainable output growth. This is because, when prices are stable, the prices of services, goods, labor, and other materials are usually less affected by inflation. They also provide guidelines for the allocation of national resources and support services, thereby contributing to higher standards of living (Grey, 2002). Additionally, stable prices normally enhance capital formation and savings. This is because when the value of assets are being eroded due to inflation, there is always a need guard the assets against losses. This usually encourages businesses to invest more while households are encouraged to save more (Grey, 2002). The Federal Reserve Banks control the market for balances, which provides the initial link between the economy and the monetary policy. Depository institutions usually hold accounts at the Federal Reserve Banks, and they trade their balances at the federal funds market at a certain interest rate referred to as the federal funds rate (Grey, 2002). The Federal Reserve Banks have significant influence on the federal funds rate via its influence over demand and supply of the balances, at its premises. The Federal Reserve Banks normally set the federal funds rate at a level, which enhances monetary and financial conditions that are consistent with the monetary policy objectives. These banks also manipulate their targets that are consistent with the emerging economic developments (Grey, 2002). Therefore, a slight change in the federal funds rate and expectations about the future targets of federal funds rate can trigger a number of events, which will affect other long-term interest rates, short-term interest rates, stock prices, and foreign exchange of the dollar (Grey, 2002). Changes in these variables, in turn, affect businesses and households’

In December 2007, the EU amended its procurement remedies frameswork Essay

In December 2007, the EU amended its procurement remedies frameswork with a view to improving the effecctiveness of the review p - Essay Example Before the 2007 remedy amendments, there existed two directives that concerned the public procurement; 89/665/EEC meant for the sector of public as well as the 92/13/EEC meant for the sector of utilities. These policy directives applied to the only procurements that were under public and the partial contracts on ‘non-priority services’. Public remedies as should be are meant to avail to tenderers means to redress, build the confidence of the general public as well as the corporate world of the fairness that is entailed within the public procurement systems as well as provide frameworks that would protect the public procurement from corrupt activities through breaching of rules. Among other challenges that were noted before the amendment and which necessitated the amendments was the illegal awarding of public contracts for procurement through improper procedures of tendering as well as the problem of corruption as noted by the EIPASCOPE commission 20061. It was noted that though the member countries had successfully adopted and implemented the 2004 public contract awarding regulations, infringement through malpractices were persistent and thus needed redress. Such bodies as the EIPASCOPE were very instrumental in the fight for and demand of the amendments through having clear amendment proposals for the purpose of effecting competency and effectiveness within the public domain in matters of public procurement and the awarding of contracts. Effective public procurement system in EU was required to ascertain that public contracts were advertised and through competitive bidding be awarded to the rightful winner of the bid. However, this has been a major challenge that necessitated the 2007 amendments to the procurement directives. The courts however had the sole privilege to interpret and allow the exceptional cases that would be allowed to have the awarding of contracts done otherwise, other than through this stipulated competitive way. These exceptio nal circumstances included the instances when there was extreme urgency to award the contract and in the event that only one bidder meets the requirements as required. However, despite the legal frameworks developed in order to ensure the effective of the public procurement laws, there existed a main challenge in the implementation as the breach happened in secrecy; the illegal awarding of the contracts were often negotiated behind the scenes and awarded. Another major concern that necessitated the amendment was the lack of enough time within the countries member states for correction of the contracts awarded erroneously; the main problem noted as the ‘race to signature’. The remedies to such an infringements or breach of the directives required amendment of the directive to create time after the signing of contracts through which the malpractices would be corrected. The commission therefore recommended a minimum standstill period that should be mandatory and imposed be tween the conclusion of the dialogues and the official signing of the contracts to create time for these evaluations and the necessary adjustments. The commission recommended that at least the standstill period be prolonged to at least ten calendar days with the member states having the provision to decide on their stand still periods. EU principal rules that govern the

The Influence of Society on the Young Goodman Brown Essay -- essays re

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown illustrates vividly how society and culture can very much influence a person’s sense of identity and belonging, or in the case of Young Goodman Brown the lack thereof. Being a Puritan man in a society that scorned the ways of witches and the devil, Young Goodman Brown grew up with a very pious outlook on life. Yet when it occurs to him to look at life a little bit differently, Young Goodman Brown receives more than he has bargained for. The journey he embarks on sheds a whole new light on his society that not only creates a struggle between himself and his fellow men but also one within himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From the beginning of Hawthorne’s story a test of faith prevails. From the moment that Young Goodman Brown parts with his wife, Faith, to when they meet again at the heart of the forest, the very manner Young Goodman Brown has been taught his entire life is at stake. Yet it is not so much Goodman Brown’s faith in God that is the concern but whether or not Goodman Brown feels he can trust anyone or anything he has ever come to know and believe in. Society has preconditioned him to think a certain way, thus through this journey Young Goodman Brown cannot deal with the new Puritan life he witnesses. Since he is unsure of what his society is truly like Goodman Brown is now incapable of knowing his place in society and knowing whom he really is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In an article entitled â€Å"Cultural Fate and Social Freedom in Three American Stories† Walter Shear discusses how Young Goodman Brown â€Å"swings out of time, paradoxically and almost deliriously senses his power, and then moves abruptly back to contemplate his cultural fate†. It is up to Goodman Brown if, upon his return to his home, he will live â€Å"with a resigned contentment at his place in the world or with an irreconcilable bitterness at his powerlessness† (548). Young Goodman Brown goes into the forest at first with only a small expectation of what he is going to experience. Of his fellow Puritan society he sees the bad seeds as well as supposed men and women of the utmost regard. He sees virgin girls filled with reverence and innocence, and even members of the church present at the devil’s ceremony. This causes Young Goodman Brown to question his entire upbringing and trust in his society. It creates... ...o into the forest. But he did therefore choosing to chance the event of seeing something he might never would have wanted to see. But now it is too late and poor Young Goodman Brown has become a prisoner of his own mind for he is unsure of what is real anymore. Even on the day he died he was filled with gloom. The story of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† presents a struggle with the clash of Goodman Brown’s cultural fate of being a Puritan and his mind that is exposed to unholy acts. He goes from a prisoner of only what his society has shown him to a prisoner of the fate to live in it even after he learns it’s potential evilness. By not succumbing to the sinfulness of his journey, Young Goodman Brown in turn succumbs to the struggle within his mind. He is trapped by taunting thoughts and allows his life to be guided by the confusion that has caused him to forever question reality. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown.† Fantastic Tales: Random   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  House, Inc.: New York: 1997. 181-196. Shear, Walter. â€Å"Cultural Fate and Social Freedom in Three Stories.† Studies in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Short Fiction: Newberry: Fall 1992. 29:4. 543-49.

Growth and Development of Brassica rapa Plants Essay

Intraspecific competition is a widely regarded principle mechanism in the structuring of communities and has an influence in the spatial dispersion of organisms such as plants. Knowing this, the authors designed an experiment to observe and understand the effect of intraspecific competition using Brassica rapa, operating under the precept that when the plant is grown in an limited space environment, the plants will grow quickly and will be able to produce offspring in a faster more efficient way. Utilizing a two-treatment group set-up where B. rapa plants were grown in either a low density set-up (2 seeds only) or high density set-up (10 seeds), the researchers found that a low density set-up had several advantages over the high density set up, with plants having higher prop survival and flower production. Thse findings supported the idea that limited space will affect the high density environment, allowing the seeds grown in a low density environment to flourish more effectively. Effect of Intraspecific Competition on Growth and Development of Brassica rapa Plants Introduction Intraspecific competition is a widely regarded principle mechanism in the structuring of communities (Abramsky and Sellah 1982). In fact, intraspecific competition is known to occur between members of the same species competing for shared, limiting resources such as food and space. Further more, intraspecific competition has an influence in the spatial dispersion of organisms such as plants (Mcginley 2008). Scientist have longed tried to determine whether competition exists between or within species and what effect it has on its survivability and reproduction rate. It is a known fact that plants that are grown in high density areas only have one choice: allocate the limited resources and grow rapidly (Siemens,et al. 2002) lest the organism fail to thrive and survive. It then becomes apparent that information gained from this area of study will have significant applications outside of the field of botany. In a time where reforestation and rehabilitation is a major issue, knowledge on intraspecific competition can help shape the success of efforts on plant-life conservation. To further study this mechanism, the researchers developed an experimental set-up that evaluated intraspecific competition among plants. Using space as the experiment’s limiting resource, species of B. rapa were cultivated in two treatment groups and observed for the effects of intraspecific competition. Space is often viewed as a major limiting resource for sessile organisms since taking away another’s space eliminates its ability to acquire food (Vance, 1984, p. 1354). The plant specie B. rapa was selected as the treatment model of choice since the specie is known for being an ideal experimental subject due to their small size, ease of cultivation and short life cycle. The main objective of the experiment was to observe and understand the effect of intraspecific competition on B. rapa due to limited space. The experiment operated under the main hypothesis that when the Brassica rappa plant is grown in an environment with limited space, the plants grow quickly and is able to produce offspring in a faster more efficient way. On the other hand, the null hypothesis for this experiment was that the limited space will not play a role in the growth and reproduction of B. rappa. Lastly, the alternative hypothesis for the experiment was that limited space will affect the high density environment, allowing the seeds grown in a low density environment to flourish. Materials and Methods For the experimental set-up, two treatment groups were created. One group was classified as Low density and was comprised of two Brassica rappa seeds while the second group was classified as High density and consisted of 10 Brassica rappa seeds. Controls determined for the experiment included light source, temperature and water while the considered variables included the biomass of the seeds, the mean biomass of the seeds, the number of pods and the number of flowers each plant produced. The experiment was conducted over a six-week period where data collection recorded the number of survivors per treatment group. The number of pods, flowers and pollinated flowers were also recorded. In the last two weeks of the experiment, treatment groups were harvested and mean height was recorded. The plants were then dried and the roots and forage material weighed to determine biomass. Seeds were then separated. Data gathered from the experiment were treated using t-tests and Oneway Analysis utilizing treatment means and standard deviations. Results After cultivation of B. rapa in the two treatment groups, the researchers determined the following data using Oneway analysis and t-tests. Results showed that the mean probability or survival per treatment were 0. 839683 [SD 0. 267817] in the low density set-up and 0. 732283 [SD 0. 262515] in the high density set-up (Appendix A) revealing a slight survival advantage in favor of the low density set-up. On the other hand, the mean height per treatment were 13. 5956 [SD 5. 33474] and 13. 1550 [SD 6. 63392] for the low density and high density set-up respectively (Appendix B) indicating that plants in both set-up flourished equally in terms of height most likely due to non-competition for light source which was a controlled variable. The mean number of flowers per treatment group was 2. 61684 [SD3. 55681] for the low density set-up and 1. 56520 [SD 1. 72971] for the high density set-up (Appendix C) indicating that the low density treatment group achieved higher performance indicated by being able to reach the reproductive stage more effectively. These values are closely mirrored by the mean number of pods per treatment group which showed that the low density set-up had a mean of 2. 04356 [SD 2. 55931] while the high density set-up had a mean of 1. 68122 [SD 2. 14201] (Appendix D) again reflecting a more successful reproductive course (successful pollination). Additionally, the mean values obtained for the number of seeds per plant were 5. 18258 [SD 8. 53005] for the low density set-up and 3. 65687 [SD 4. 70787] for the high density set-up (Appendix E) further solidifying the idea that plants in the low density group were able to flourish much better compared to the high density group. In terms of mean seed biomass, the low density set-up had an average mean of 0. 005624 [SD 0. 011844] which was lower in comparison to the high-density setup which had a value of 0. 006139 [SD 0. 014367] (Appendix F). The mean root biomass obtained were 0. 028744 [SD 0. 099737] for the low density set-up while the high density set-up had an obtained mean value of 0. 021542 [SD 0. 037141] (Appendix G). Lastly, the mean biomass per treatment group values obtained for the experiment were 0. 063467 [SD 0. 097980] for the low density set-up and 0. 069773 [SD 0. 110127] for the high density set-up (Appendix H). Biomass is supposedly a good measure of fitness or how well the plant flourished since the amount of living tissue is said to be regulated by resource availability, i. e. space (Franco & Kelly, 1998, p. 7830). Discussion Data gathered from the two treatment groups indicated that the low density group demonstrated certain advantages over the high density group. In both the areas of surviving prop [t=4. 555, DF=503. 608, p=. 0001] and mean plant height [t=0. 814, DF=471. 852, p=0. 416], the low density group scored higher on average compared to the high density treatment group. The same can be said in the measures for mean number of flowers, pod and seeds where the low density treatment group also had higher average means in comparison to the high density group. These findings supported the idea that plants in the low density group flourished more effectively in comparison to plants in the high density group. Additionally, a significant difference in the number of flowers produced [t=4. 168, DF= 352. 016, p=